9. to 15. July 2009.
© 2008 CIOFF Serbia
7000 BC First Neolithic settlement.
279 BC The name of the city, Singidunum, is mentioned for the first time.
It is inhabited by the Celtic tribe of Scordiscs.
AD 91 Singidunum is inhabited by the Romans. IV Flavis Legion resides
there. Some time later, a Roman emperor is born in Singidunum Claudius
Flavius Iovianus.
395 The Roman Empire is divided into the Eastern and the Western.
Singidunum became part of the Eastern Empire.
411 The Huns conquer Singidunum.
450 The Sarmatians conquer Singidunum.
470 The Goths conquer Singidunum.
488 The Gepidians conquer Singidunum.
504 The Goths conquer Singidunum.
510 The Byzantine Empire gets Singidunum through peaceful agreement.
535 The Byzantine emperor Justinian I rebuilds the city.
584 The Avars conquer Singidunum.
592 Byzantium takes over the rule of the city once again.
630 The Slavs conquer Singidunum.
827 The Bulgarians get Singidunum.
878 Slavic name of the city, Belgrade, is mentioned for the first time.
896 Hungary attacks Belgrade.
971 Byzantium conquers Belgrade.
976 Macedonian emperor Samuilo gets Belgrade.
1018 Byzantium gets Belgrade.
1096 Hungarian army destroys Belgrade but it stays under the Byzantine rule.
1096 (and 1147) Armies of Crusaders pass through Belgrade (some of them
plunder it, too).
1127 Hungarian army destroys Belgrade and uses that stone to build Zemun
Fortress.
1154 Byzantine army destroys Zemun and brings back that stone over
the river to rebuild Belgrade Fortress.
1182 Hungary conquers Belgrade.
1185 Byzantium takes over Belgrade through diplomatic negotiations.
1189 Friedrich Barbarosa passes through Belgrade leading the crusade.
1230 Bulgaria takes over Belgrade.
1232 Hungary takes over Belgrade.
1284 Serbian king Stefan Dragutin takes over Belgrade. The city is in Serbian
hands for the first time.
1316 King Stefan Milutin burns down the city in the war against his brother
Dragutin.
1319 Hungary imposes its rule over the city once more.
1403 Despot Stefan Lazarević gets Belgrade from Hungary and rebuilds it,
making it the first Serbian capital.
1427 Hungary takes over Belgrade after the death of Despot Stefan Lazarević.
1440 Turkey attacks Belgrade. Sultan Murat II besieges the city with
100,000 soldiers and 200 ships.
1456 Sultan Mehmed II besieges the city with 150,000 soldiers. After difficult
battles and wounding of the Sultan, the Turks give up the siege.
1521 Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent conquers Belgrade with 300,000 soldiers,
captures all citizens and transports them to Istanbul by force.
1688 Habsburg army conquers Belgrade in the counter-coup after defending
Vienna. All of them meticulously plunder the city, the Turks on their way out and
the Austrians on their way in.
1690 Turkey conquers Belgrade.
1717 Austrian army under the command of Eugene of Savoy beats the Turks
and conquers Belgrade.
1739 Turkey takes over Belgrade through peaceful agreement.
1789 Austrian army, under the command of Fieldmarschal Laudon conquers
Belgrade.
1791 Turkey besieges and takes over Belgrade through peaceful agreement.
1801 Rebel janizary (elite Turkish soldiers most often kidnapped Christian
children) take Belgrade Fortress and start terrorising the citizens. This culminates
in killing of the princes (assassination of the most eminent Serbs). The Serbs
answer with an uprising led by Đorđe Petrović - Karađorđe in 1804.
1806 Under the leadership of Karađorđe, the Serbs free the city, and in 1807
they free the fortress as well. Belgrade becomes the capital of Serbia.
1813 Turkey conquers Belgrade. The uprising is over.
1815 Milo Obrenović leads the Second Serbian Uprising. Serbian-Turkish
duality of government begins.
1830 Sultans Hatisherif on the autonomy of Serbia. Milo Obrenović is
recognised as a hereditary prince.
1844 National museum founded.
1867 The Turks leave Belgrade. Turkish commander gives Prince Mihailo
Obrenović the keys to Belgrade Fortress where the Turkish flag remains as
the sole symbol of Ottoman rule.
1876 Serbian-Turkish war. Turkish flag is taken down from Belgrade Fortress.
1878 Independence of Serbia confirmed on the congress in Berlin.
1882 Serbia becomes a kingdom, and Prince Mihailo Obrenović the first King.
1883 First telephone lines are introduced.
1893 Electrical lighting installed, and in 1894 first route of electric tram
becomes operational.
1903 The May takeover. Group of officers called the Black hand kills King
Aleksandar Obrenović and Queen Draga Main. Obrenović dynasty is finished,
King Petar I Karađorđević comes to the throne.
1914 First World War starts. The Austrians bombard and conquer Belgrade.
After the victories on Cer and Kolubara, and the defeat of the Austrian army,
the Serbian army frees Belgrade.
1915 Germany and Bulgaria join the war. German and Austrian troups, under
the command of Feldmarschal Mackensen, conquer Belgrade. A three-year
occupation and a systematic plundering of the city begin.
1918 Serbian army returns to Belgrade which becomes the capital of
the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.
1920 French Marshal and Honorary duke of Serbian army Franchet dEsperey
decorates Belgrade with the Order of the Legion of Honour.
1929 Radio Belgrade starts broadcasting.
1934 King Aleksandar assassinated in Marseille, while he was trying to
strengthen a defensive union with France against Germany.
1939 Grand Prix race driven around Kalemegdan (forerunner of the present
Formula 1).
1941 27 March, demonstrations against accepting the Tripartite Pact
(Germany-Italy-Japan) The Germans bombard Belgrade on 6 April and occupy
it on 12 April. The king and the government leave the country.
1944 Americans bombard Belgrade in April, at Easter, and a couple of more
times in the course of the same year. Titos partisans and Red army free the city
on 20 October.
1945 Monarchy is abolished, Socialist Federate Republic of Yugoslavia is formed
and the rule of Josip Broz Tito begins. Belgrade is rebuilt in the post-war years
and becomes an important international political, sports and cultural centre.
1961 First conference of nonaligned countries is held.
1968 Student protests against social differences and bureaucracy.
1980 Tito dies. Officials from 125 countries gather at his funeral.
1991 Unsolved national and political problems lead to disintegration of
Yugoslavia.
1992 Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is proclaimed. United Nations Security
Council imposes economic sanctions on it.
1993 The greatest inflation in the history of humankind. A 500,000,000,000 dinar
bill is issued in Belgrade.
1994 The end of inflation, new dinar is introduced.
1996 Civil protest for non-acknowledgement of the results on local elections.
1999 NATO airplanes bombard Belgrade for three months.
2000 Civil protests for cheating on general elections.
2002 Federal Republic of Yugoslavia changes its concept and becomes
the Union of Serbia and Montenegro.
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